Hypothesis testing is a statistical method used in data science to determine whether a hypothesis about a population parameter is true or false.
Epidemiology: What is Bias, Chance, and Confounders in Epidemiology?
Amidst the confusion created by confounders and other factors not obviously causing the disease, epidemiologist use statistics and derive conclusions using p-value or probability which measure chance!
Epidemiological Study Designs: An Introduction to Epidemiological Studies
Epidemiology definition is not just a definition but a philosophy